ELI

  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

ELI

"ELI" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a height", "an ascension", "Eli", "my God", "my God", "the offering or lifting up".

Date "ELI" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references)

"ELI" is a common misspelling or typo for: deli, elf, elk, ell, Elli, elm, lei.


Specialty Definition: ELI

DomainDefinition

Computing

ELI 1. An early system on the IBM 705 and IBM 650. [Listed in CACM 2(5):16 (May 1959)]. 2. Embedded Lisp Interpreter. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.

Bible

Eli ascent, the high priest when the ark was at Shiloh (1 Sam. 1:3, 9). He was the first of the line of Ithamar, Aaron's fourth son (1 Chr. 24:3; comp. 2 Sam. 8:17), who held that office. The office remained in his family till the time of Abiathar (1 Kings 2:26, 27), whom Solomon deposed, and appointed Zadok, of the family of Eleazar, in his stead (35). He acted also as a civil judge in Israel after the death of Samson (1 Sam. 4:18), and judged Israel for forty years. His sons Hophni and Phinehas grossly misconducted themselves, to the great disgust of the people (1 Sam. 2:27-36). They were licentious reprobates. He failed to reprove them so sternly as he ought to have done, and so brought upon his house the judgment of God (2:22-33; 3:18). The Israelites proclaimed war against the Philistines, whose army was encamped at Aphek. The battle, fought a short way beyond Mizpeh, ended in the total defeat of Israel. Four thousand of them fell in "battle array". They now sought safety in having the "ark of the covenant of the Lord" among them. They fetched it from Shiloh, and Hophni and Phinehas accompanied it. This was the first time since the settlement of Israel in Canaan that the ark had been removed from the sanctuary. The Philistines put themselves again in array against Israel, and in the battle which ensued "Israel was smitten, and there was a very great slaughter." The tidings of this great disaster were speedily conveyed to Shiloh, about 20 miles distant, by a messenger, a Benjamite from the army. There Eli sat outside the gate of the sanctuary by the wayside, anxiously waiting for tidings from the battle-field. The full extent of the national calamity was speedily made known to him: "Israel is fled before the Philistines, there has also been a great slaughter among the people, thy two sons Hophni and Phinehas are dead, and the ark of God is taken" (1 Sam. 4:12-18). When the old man, whose eyes were "stiffened" (i.e., fixed, as of a blind eye unaffected by the light) with age, heard this sad story of woe, he fell backward from off his seat and died, being ninety and eight years old. (See ITHAMAR.) Eli, Heb. eli, "my God", (Matt. 27:46), an exclamation used by Christ on the cross. Mark (15:34), as usual, gives the original Aramaic form of the word, Eloi. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Eli

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Eli (pronounced el-lee) is a variant on the name of God as spoken in Aramaic. In Semitic languages, the "al" and "el" sounds are often merged, (as in "ael") thus the Aramaic "Eli" is directly related to the Arabic Allah and the Hebrew Elohim, and the older "El" (Assyrian (ilu), Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, and Ethiopic.

Jesus on the cross reportedly said "Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani" which means "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me." It is a controversial quote however, and under serious dispute.

See also:

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Eli."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: ELI

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

ELI

DanishEurocelle-bibliotek og-grænsefladerN/A

ELI

DutchEurocellenbibliotheek en interfacesN/A

ELI

EnglishEarly loss indexN/A

ELI

FrenchBibliothèque Eurocell et interfacesN/A
ELVISEnglishEli Lilly Virtual Information ServiceN/A

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Crosswords: ELI

English words defined with "ELI": Cotton ginSaw gin. (references)
Specialty definitions using "ELI": Compiler-CompilerData definition languageEli Compiler Construction SystemIBM 650, IBM 705LCLMake, ManufactureSchachter's Hypothesis, Son of BelialTLAsYALE. (references)
Non-English Usage: "ELI" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

Finnish (or), Portuguese (Eurocell Library and Interfaces), Welsh (ointment, salve).

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Modern Usage: ELI

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Eli is something bad, a darkness. (Sports Night; writing credit: Tom Brady; Kevin Falls)

He's a friend of the familyhe's like a son to Eli. (Witness; writing credit: William Kelley; Earl W. Wallace)

Movie/TV Titles

Ace Eli and Rodger of the Skies (1973)

Eli masali (1966)

Raportti eli balladi laivatytöistä (1964)

Poika eli kesäänsä (1955)

Tervetuloa aamukahville eli tottako toinen puoli (1952)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: ELI

DomainTitle

References

  • Eli Lilly and Company: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  

Theater & Movies

  • Way of the Bodhisattva. Satsang with Eli. Maui Dharma Center. (reference)

  • Self-Realization &The Enneagram. A Meeting with Eli at East West Bookshop. Mountain View, California. (reference)

  • Prozac on Trial:Fentress V. Eli Lilly (reference)

    (more DVD examples; more video examples)

  

Music

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: ELI

Illustrations:
ELI

More pictures...

Computer Images:
ELI

More pictures...

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Photo Album: ELI

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

LCDR Commander John Bowie's base camp at Watertown, Yukon, Territory L to R: David Sammons; Eli Packer, geodetic engineer; bush pilot Sam White Lieutenant Commander John Bowie; Mr Smith, Canadian IBC representative. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Office tent at camp at Mile Post 253 on the Alcan Highway L to R: Bachtel, David Sammons, Lieutenant Commander John Bowie Eli Packer, geodetic engineer. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

L to r - Ector B. Latham, Charles Schanck, and Eli Packer Officers off of HYDROGRAPHER Traverse work on Florida's west coast. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Indiana : The Analytical Laboratories- 1886 / Paul Rabut. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Speedy Eli. Credit: Library of Congress.

  

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Familiar Quotations: ELI

AuthorQuotation

Eli Ginzberg

Enlarge the opportunity and the person will expand to fill it.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: ELI

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

In the second study, investigators at Indiana University working with other researchers from Munich University, Stanford University, and the Eli Lilly Company, tested the association between the A2M mutation and Alzheimer's disease in a sample of almost 600 patients with AD and healthy older people (Dodel et al., 2000). While the A2M mutation was indeed a risk factor in the patient sample, individuals with the A2M mutation had about 1.5 times the risk of AD as did those without the mutation, suggesting that the risk of developing AD is not as great as previously reported. (references)

Business

U.S. suppliers active in this market include Abbott Laboratories, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Schering-Plough, American Cyanamid, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Beckman Coulter, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Sysmex, Syva, Technicon, Chiron (Ciba Corning), Baxter Diagnostics, Becton Dickinson, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Radiometer, and Helena. (references)

Economic History

Philippines

Some of the U.S. pharmaceutical companies in the Philippines are Wyeth, Abbott Laboratories, Warner Lambert, Pfizer, and Eli Lilly. (references)

India

Eli Lilly-Ranbaxy's 50:50 joint venture in India has been marketing a range of biotechnology products such as Humalog and Huminsulin for diabetes. (references)

Ireland

Sixteen out of the top twenty pharmaceutical companies in the world have manufacturing facilities in Ireland and include Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol Myers Squibb, Schering Plough and Eli Lilly. (references)

Human Rights

Belize

As a result, the authorities discharged assistant inspectors Eli Salazar and Cardinal Smith from the police force. (references)

Belize

While no action was taken against the chief inspector for the district, James Magdaleno, the authorities discharged assistant inspector Eli Salazar from the force, following an investigation of alleged torture of another victim. (references)

Political Economy

EGYPT

A local pharmaceutical firm filed a court case in October 2001 charging that the Ministry of Health and the Academy of Scientific Research acted illegally in granting Eli Lilly exclusive marketing rights in August 2001 for its schizophrenia drug. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: ELI

"ELI" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 86.00% of the time. "ELI" is used about 50 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (proper)86%4352,181
Noun (plural)8%4175,879
Adjective (general or positive)4%2245,945
Unclassified Items2%1339,140
                    Total100.00%50N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Name Usage Frequency: ELI

The following table summarizes the usage of "ELI" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.
NameUsage/GenderUsage per 100
million Persons
Rank in USA
EliFirst name Male16,000534
EliLast name20030,472
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Derived & Related Names: ELI

"ELI" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a height", "an ascension", "Eli", "my God", "my God", "the offering or lifting up".
 
The following table summarizes names derived from the word "ELI".
 
NameGenderLanguageMeaning
EliN/ABiblical

Eli

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

 

The following table summarizes names related to "ELI."
NameGenderLanguageRelated Name
ElyMaleN/AEli
EliMaleBiblicalN/A
EliMaleEnglishN/A
EliMaleJewishN/A
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: ELI

CountryName
USA

Eli Lilly and Company

 (more examples...)

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expressions: ELI

Expressions using "ELI": Berna Eli Oldfield Eli Compiler Construction System Eli Whitney. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "ELI": eli-lilly.

Ending with "ELI": others-v-eli.

Containing "ELI": Bud-eli-fritz.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: ELI

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

eli lilly

1,447

eli picture whitney

14

analytical applied assays based biogen bioinformatics cell chemist chemistry clinical cro d development development drug eisai eli fda glaxo glaxo glp gmp industry inhalants kline lab lancaster lilly lilly mdi microbiology nda nmr not oread organic organic our packaging pfizer ppd present r research resume smith spectroscopy toxicology us validation we wyeth

260

eli quick

13

eli whitney

242

canada eli lilly

13

eli lily

183

eli swanson

12

eli

178

eli erotica

12

eli lilly and company

130

eli jewel

12

eli the bearded

128

eli terry

12

eli marienthal

84

credit eli lilly union

12

eli wallach

54

eli lilly indianapolis

11

eli manning

53

eli foundation lilly

11

eli lilly and co

51

eli tintor

11

van eli shoes

49

cotton eli gin whitney

11

eli lilly pharmaceutical

48

assm eli

9

eli stutzman

36

band eli young

9

van eli

32

picture of eli marienthal

9

broad eli

32

eli weisel

9

eli lilly.com

23

eli sims

9

eli cohen

19

analytical applied assays based biogen bioinformatics cell chemist chemistry clinical cro d development development drug education eisai eli experience fda glaxo glaxo glp gmp industry inhalants kline lab lancaster lilly lilly mdi microbiology nda nmr objective oread organic organic packaging pfizer ppd r research resume skill smith spectroscopy toxicology validation wyeth

9

eli lilley

17

eli goldratt

9

eli lilly federal credit union

16

analytical applied assays based biogen bioinformatics cell chemist chemistry clinical cro d development development drug eisai eli fda glaxo glaxo glp gmp industry inhalants kline lab lancaster lilly lilly mdi microbiology nda nmr oread organic organic our packaging pfizer ppd present r research resume smith spectroscopy toxicology us validation we wyeth

9
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Bible Trace: ELI

LanguageDateSourceMatthew Chapter 27, Verse 46
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintPeri de thn ennathn wran anebohsen o ihsouV fwnh megalh legwn hli hli lama sabacqani tout estin qee mou qee mou inati me egkatelipeV
Latin405VulgateEt circa horam nonam clamavit Iesus voce magna dicens Heli Heli lema sabacthani hoc est Deus meus Deus meus ut quid dereliquisti me
Old English990West Saxon& embe þa nygeþen tid. clypede sehælend mycelre stefne. & þus cwæð. Hely.hely. lama zabathani. þt is on englisc. mingod min god to hwi for-lete þu me.
Middle English1395WyclifAnd aboute the nynthe our Jhesus criede with a greet vois, and seide, Heli, Heli, lamazabatany, that is, My God, my God, whi hast thou forsake me?
Renaissance English1526TyndaleAnd about ye nynth houre Iesus cryed with a loude voyce sayinge: Eli Eli lama asbathani. That is to saye my God my God why hast thou forsaken me?
Jacobean English1611King JamesAnd about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
Victorian English1833WebsterAnd about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
Basic English1964OgdenAnd about the ninth hour Jesus gave a loud cry, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is, My God, my God, why are you turned away from me?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: ELI

LanguageMatthew Chapter 27, Verse 46
CebuanoUg sa may ikatulo na ang takna sa hapon, si Jesus mituwaw sa makusog nga tingog nga nag-ingon, "Eli, Eli, lama sabactani?" nga sa ato pa, "Dios ko, Dios ko, nganong gitalikdan mo ako."
CroatianO devetoj uri povika Isus iza glasa: "Eli, Eli, lema sabahtani?" To æe reæi: "Bože moj, Bože moj, zašto si me ostavio?"
DanishOg ved den niende Time råbte Jesus med høj Røst og sagde: "Eli! Eli! Lama Sabaktani?" det er: "Min Gud! min Gud! hvorfor har du forladt mig?"
DutchEn omtrent de negende ure riep Jezus met een grote stem zeggende: ELI, ELI, LAMA SABACHTHANI! dat is: Mijn God! Mijn God! Waarom hebt Gij Mij verlaten!
FinnishJa yhdeksännen hetken vaiheilla Jeesus huusi suurella äänellä sanoen: "Eeli, Eeli, lama sabaktani?" Se on: Jumalani, Jumalani, miksi minut hylkäsit?
FrenchEt vers la neuvième heure, Jésus s`écria d`une voix forte: Éli, Éli, lama sabachthani? c`est-à -dire: Mon Dieu, mon Dieu, pourquoi m`as-tu abandonné?
GermanUnd um die neunte Stunde schrie Jesus laut und sprach: Eli, Eli, lama asabthani? das heißt: Mein Gott, mein Gott, warum hast du mich verlassen?
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariPukul tiga sore, Yesus berteriak dengan suara keras, "Eli, Eli, lama sabakhtani?" yang berarti, "Ya Allah-Ku, ya Allah-Ku, mengapakah Engkau meninggalkan Aku?"
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaMaka sekira-kira pukul tiga itu berserulah Yesus dengan suara yang nyaring, kata-Nya, "Eli, Eli, lama sabakhtani!" Artinya, "Ya Tuhan-Ku, ya Tuhan-Ku, apakah sebabnya Engkau meninggalkan Aku?"
LatvianBet ap devîto stundu Jçzus sauca stiprâ balsî, sacîdams: Eli, Eli, lema sabahtani? Tas ir: Mans Dievs, mans Dievs, kâpçc Tu mani atstâji?
Manx GaelicAs mygeayrt yn nuyoo oor, deie Yeesey lesh ard-choraa, gra, ELI, ELI, LAMA SABACTHANI? ta shen dy ghra, My Yee, My Yee, cre'n-fa t'ou er my hreigeil?
MaoriA, ka tata ki te iwa o nga haora, ka karanga a Ihu, he nui te reo, ka mea, Eri, Eri, rama hapakatani? ara, E toku Atua, e toku Atua, he aha koe i whakarere ai i ahau?
NorwegianOg ved den niende time ropte Jesus med høi røst og sa: Eli! Eli! lama sabaktani? det er: Min Gud! Min Gud! hvorfor har du forlatt mig?
PortugueseCerca da hora nona, bradou Jesus em alta voz, dizendo: Eli, Eli, lamá sabactani; isto é, Deus meu, Deus meu, por que me desamparaste?   
RumanianWi pe la ceasul al nouqlea, Isus a strigat cu glas tare: ,,Eli, Eli, Lama Sabactani?`` adicq: ,,Dumnezeul Meu, Dumnezeul Meu, pentru ce M`ai pqrqsit?``
ShuarNuni ai Jesus kakantar untsumkamiayi. "Erí, Erí, rama sapaktani' Tímiayi. Nusha shuar chichamjainkia "Yusrú, Yusrú, ¿urukamtai ajapa ikiurkiniam?" tawai.
SwahiliMnamo saa tisa Yesu akalia kwa sauti kubwa, "Eli, Eli, lema sabakthani?" Maana yake, "Mungu wangu, Mungu wangu, mbona umeniacha?"
SwedishOch vid nionde timmen ropade Jesus med hög röst och sade: "Eli, Eli, lema sabaktani*?"; det betyder: "Min Gud, min Gud, varför har du övergivit mig?"
UmaJaa tolu ncimonou', mekio' -imi Yesus napasimuku mpo'uli': "Alata'ala-ku! Alata'ala-ku! Napa pai' nupalahii-a?" Hi rala basa Yahudi: "Eli! Eli! Lama sabakhtani?"

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations & Misspellings: ELI

Derivations

Words beginning with "ELI": elicit, elicitation, elicitations, elicited, eliciting, elicitor, elicitors, elicits, elide, elided, elides, elidible, eliding, eligibilities, eligibility, eligible, eligibles, eligibly, eliminate, eliminated, eliminates, eliminating, elimination, eliminations, eliminative, eliminator, eliminators, elint, elints, elision, elisions, elite, elites, elitism, elitisms, elitist, elitists, elixir, elixirs. (additional references)

Words ending with "ELI": deli, gingeli, obeli. (additional references)

Words containing "ELI": abelia, abelian, abelias, adobelike, aguelike, allelic, allelism, allelisms, ameliorate, ameliorated, ameliorates, ameliorating, amelioration, ameliorations, ameliorative, ameliorator, ameliorators, amelioratory, aneling, angelic, angelica, angelical, angelically, angelicas, angeling, annelid, annelidan, annelidans, annelids, anopheline, anophelines, anthelia, anthelices, anthelion, anthelions, anthelix, anthelixes, antielite, antielites, antielitism, antielitisms, antielitist, antielitists, antinovelist, antinovelists, antireligion, antireligious, apelike, aphelia, aphelian, aphelion. (additional references)


Misspellings

"ELI" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Alii, Eala, Ebi, Eblin, Eciv, Egli, Ehle, Eiiib, eil, Eiu, E'la, Elbio, elic, Elihu, elik, eliz, ellic, Ellix, Ellul, Elyr, elzi, Emla, Emly, Enlil, Enlli, eoi, Eyi, Ili, Jli, Melfi, Tli, Ueli, Ulli, Ului, Yeliz. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Anagrams: ELI

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Direct Anagrams: lei, lie.

Words within the letters "e-i-l"

-1 letter: el, li.

 Words containing the letters "e-i-l"
 

+1 letter: bile, ceil, deil, deli, diel, elhi, evil, file, heil, idle, ilea, ilex, isle, leis, lice, lied, lief, lien, lier, lies, lieu, life, like, lime, line, lipe, lire, lite, live, lwei, mile, pile, plie, riel, rile, tile, veil, vile, wile.

 

+2 letters: agile, ailed, aisle, alien, alike, aline, alive, anile, ariel, axile, belie, bezil, bible, bield, biles, bilge, birle, blite, ceils, celli, chiel, chile, clime, cline, deils, delis, devil, edile, elain, elemi, elfin, elide, elint, elite, eloin, email, ervil, evils, exile, felid, field, filed, filer, files, filet, fille, flied, flier, flies, flite, gelid, gimel, glide, glime, guile, heils, helio, helix, ideal, idled, idler, idles, ileac, ileal, ileum, ileus, iller, impel, ingle, inkle, inlet, isled, isles, islet, istle, ixtle, kelim, kevil, legit, lenis, levin, lewis, lexis, liane, libel, liber, liege, liens, liers, lieus, lieve, lifer, liger, liked, liken, liker, likes, limed, limen, limes, limey, lined, linen, liner, lines, liney, lisle, liter, lithe, litre, lived, liven, liver, lives, livre, looie, louie, lweis, maile, melic, miler, miles, mille, obeli, oiled, oiler, oldie, oleic, olein, olive, oriel, peril, pilea, piled, pilei, piles, pixel, plied, plier, plies, relic, relit, reoil, riels, rifle, riled, riles, riley, rille, shiel, sidle, silex, slice, slide, slier, slime, slipe, smile, solei, speil, spiel, spile, stile, telia, telic, teloi, tilde, tiled, tiler, tiles, title, toile, utile, veils, vexil, viler, voile, while, wield, wiled, wiles, yield.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: ELI


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

45 4C 49

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.    .-..    ..

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000101 01001100 01001001

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#69 &#76 &#73

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0045 004C 0049

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

394643

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Modern
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Images: Slideshow
6. Images: Photo Album
7. Quotations: Familiar
8. Quotations: Non-fiction
9. Usage Frequency
10. Names: Frequency
11. Names: Derived from
12. Names: Company Usage
13. Expressions
14. Expressions: Internet
15. Bible Trace
16. Abbreviations
17. Acronyms
18. Derivations
19. Anagrams
20. Orthography
21. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.