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Definitions: Delusion |
DelusionNoun1. An erroneous belief that is held in the face of evidence to the contrary. 2. A mistaken opinion or idea; "he has delusions of competence". 3. The act of deluding; deception by creating illusory ideas. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "delusion" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Etymology: Delusion \De*lu"sion\n. [Latin expression delusio, from deludere. See Delude.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Satire | DELUSION, n. The father of a most respectable family, comprising Enthusiasm, Affection, Self-denial, Faith, Hope, Charity and many other goodly sons and daughters. All hail, Delusion! Were it not for thee The world turned topsy-turvy we should see; For Vice, respectable with cleanly fancies, Would fly abandoned Virtue's gross advances. Mumfrey Mappel. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Medicine | A false belief, not susceptible to argument or reason, and determined, pathologically, by some form of mental disorder. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Studies on psychiatric patients have shown that delusions can be seen to vary in intensity and conviction over time which suggests that certainty and incorrigibility are not necessary components of a delusional belief.
Delusions do not necessarily have to be false or 'incorrect inferences about external reality'. Some religious or spiritual beliefs (such as 'I believe in the existence of God') including those diagnosed as delusional, by their nature may not be falsifiable, and hence cannot be described as false or incorrect.
In other situations the delusion may turn out to be true. For example, delusional jealousy, where a person is believes that their partner is being unfaithful (and may even follow then into the bathroom believing them to be seeing their lover even during the briefest of partings) may result in the faithful partner being driven to infidelity by the constant and unreasonable strain put on them by their delusional spouse. In this case the delusion does not cease to be a delusion, because the content later turns out to be true.
In other cases, the delusion may be assumed to be false by doctor or psychiatrist assessing the belief, because it seems to be unlikely, bizarre or held with excessive conviction. Psychiatrists rarely have the time or resources to check the validity of a person’s claims leading to some true beliefs to be erroneously classified as delusional. This is known as the Martha Mitchell effect, after the wife of the attorney general who alleged that illegal activity was taking place in the White House. At the time her claims were thought to be signs of mental illness, and only after the Watergate scandal broke was she proved right (and hence sane).
Another thorn in the side of such diagnosis is that almost all of these factors can be found in normal beliefs. Many religious beliefs hold exactly the same features, yet are not considered delusional. Thomas Samuel Kuhn has shown that scientists can hold strong fixed beliefs in scientific theories despite considerable counter evidence for their validity.
These factors have led the psychiatrist Anthony David to note that "there is no acceptable (rather than accepted) definition of a delusion". In practice psychiatrists tend to diagnose a belief as delusional if it is either patently bizarre, causing significant distress, or excessively pre-occupies the patient, especially if the person is subsequently unswayed in their belief by counter-evidence or reasonable argument.
Delusions typically occur in the context of neurological or mental illness, although are not tied to any particular disease and have been found to occur in the context of many pathological states (both physical and mental). However, they are of particular diagnostic importance in psychotic disorders and particularly in schizophrenia.
Psychiatric definition
The psychiatrist and philosopher Karl Jaspers in his book General Psychopathology first defined the three main criteria for a belief to be considered delusional. These criteria are:
These criteria still live on in modern psychiatric diagnosis. In the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a delusion is defined as:Diagnostic issues
However, this definition and Jasper's original criteria have been criticised, as counter-examples can be shown for every defining feature.See also
Further Reading
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Delusion."
Synonyms: DelusionSynonyms: head game (n), illusion (n), psychotic belief (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Credulity | Noun: credulity, credulousness; Adjective: cullibility, gullibility; gross credulity, infatuation; self delusion, self deception; superstition; one's blind side; bigotry; (obstinacy); hyperorthodoxy; misjudgment. |
Deception | Mockery; (imitation); copy; counterfeit, sham, make-believe, forgery, fraud; lie; "a delusion a mockery and a snare", hollow mockery. |
Delusion, gullery; juggling, jugglery; slight of hand, legerdemain; prestigiation, prestidigitation; magic; conjuring, conjuration; hocus-pocus, escamoterie, jockeyship; trickery, coggery, chicanery; supercherie, cozenage, circumvention, ingannation, collusion; treachery; practical joke. | |
Error | Illusion, delusion; snare; false impression, false idea; bubble; self-decit, self-deception; mists of error. |
Insanity | Insanity, lunacy; madness; Adjective: mania, rabies, furor, mental alienation, aberration; paranoia, schizophrenia; dementation, dementia, demency; phrenitis, phrensy, frenzy, raving, incoherence, wandering, delirium, calenture of the brain; delusion, hallucination; lycanthropy; brain storm. |
Reasoning, | Sophism, solecism, paralogism; quibble, quirk, elenchus, elench, fallacy, quodlibet, subterfuge, subtlety, quillet; inconsistency, antilogy; "a delusion, a mockery, and a snare"; claptrap, cant, mere words; "lame and impotent conclusion". |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Delusion |
| English words defined with "delusion": delusions of grandeur, delusions of persecution, disorientation ♦ Flam, freak out ♦ Misimagination ♦ nihilism, nihilistic delusion ♦ Planetary aberration ♦ somatic delusion ♦ Wanhope, Writ of error ♦ zoanthropy. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "delusion": Delusion, delusion of persecution, Devil to Pay and no Pitch Hot. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "delusion": Prestige. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Hope, it is the quintessential human delusion, simultaneously the source of your greatest strength, and your greatest weakness. (The Matrix Reloaded; writing credit: Andy Wachowski; Larry Wachowski) And I couldn't in good conscience vote for someone who doesn't believe in God. For someone who honestly believes that the other ninety five percent of us suffer from some form of mass delusion. (Contact; writing credit: Carl Sagan;) Seems to be under some delusion that he's in charge of the rescue. (Thunderbirds; writing credit: Alan Fennell) Aunt Clara had for years not only perpetually labored under the delusion that I was 4 years old, but also a girl. (A Christmas Story; writing credit: Leigh Brown; Bob Clark) You call this a delusion!? (Total Recall; writing credit: Ronald Shusett) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Dark Delusion (1947) Cy Perkins in the City of Delusion (1915) Fatal Delusion (1995) Tadpole's Human Delusion (1993) Delusion (1991) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Benjamin Disraeli | The disappointment of manhood succeeds the delusion of youth. |
Count Leo Tolstoy | It is amazing how complete is the delusion that beauty is goodness. |
Edmund Burke | The people never give up their liberties but under some delusion. |
Thomas H. Huxley | No delusion is greater than the notion that method and industry can make up for lack of mother-wit, either in science or in practical life. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | It must needs be a delusion. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | That fond delusion ruins thrones. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Delusion" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.36% of the time. "Delusion" is used about 156 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.36% | 155 | 25,240 |
| Noun (common) | 0.64% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 156 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "delusion": be under a delusion ♦ be under the delusion that ♦ delusion of persecution ♦ labor under a delusion ♦ labour under a delusion ♦ nihilistic delusion ♦ somatic delusion. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "delusion": delusion-formation, delusion-of-grandeur. | |
Ending with "delusion": Self-delusion. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "delusion"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | begogelsing (illusion, spell), begoëlsing (illusion, spell). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | mashtrim (bilk, blind, bluff, bunco, bunko, caper, cheat, chicanery, chouse, circumvention, con, cozenage, crammer, deceit, deceitfulness, deception, defalcation, dodge, double dealing, duplicity, fake, false pretences, falsity, flimflam, fob, fraud, fraudulence, fraudulency, gag, gammon, gimmick, guile, gyp, humbug, imposition, imposture, jiggery pokery, juggler, jugglery, juggling, leasing, lie, manipulation, overreach, quackery, racket, racketeering, rascaldom, rascality, rig, roguery, sham, swindle, take in, trick), mani (craze, fixation, foible, mania, obsession), iluzion (hallucination, illusion, phantom, trick, vapor, vapour, will-o'-the-wisp), gjëneshtër, gabim (balk, baulk, boob, delinquency, error, fallacy, false step, fault, flub, frailty, gaffe, lapse, Lapsus, misdoing, Miss, misstep, mistake, slip, slip up, trip). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | وهم (bubble, fancy, idol, illusion, illusory, imagination, phantom, prestige, purport, vagary, vapor, vapour), غرور (arrogance, bighead, conceit, ego, egoism, egotism, pretension, pride, sufficiency, vanity), ضلال (aberrance, deception, error, obscurity, perversity, wandering, wrong), خداع (artifice, beguilement, bluff, bluffing, cheat, cheating, chicanery, cozenage, deceit, deceitfulness, deception, defraudation, double dealing, dupery, duplicity, fraud, fraudulence, fraudulency, gyp, humbuggery, imposture, knavery, mystification, roguery, spoof, swindle, swindling, trickery, victimization, wile), إنخداع (deception, illusion), دجل (charlatanry, fake, fraud, hankey-pankey, hanky panky, imposture, lie, quackery). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | халюцинации, заблуждаване (bluff), измама (bunco, bunko, cheat, chouse, cozenage, cross, deceit, deception, do, double cross, double dealing, doubling, dupery, falsity, fiddle, flam, foul play, frame up, fraud, gaff, gag, gouge, guile, gyp, hankey-pankey, hanky panky, have on, hoax, hocus pocus, humbug, imposition, imposture, indirection, jiggery pokery, jockeying, jugglery, kid, lemon, overreach, plant, pretence, put on, rig, rip off, roguery, sell, sellout, sham, shuffle, simulacrum, skin game, spoof, swindle, take in, thimblerig, trickery, twist), илюзия (deception, dream, fantasy, glamor, glamour, illusion, maya, phantasm, phantasy, phantom, vapor, vapour). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | "觉, 幻想 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | blud. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | vrangforestilling (delusional idea, disturbed perception, perception disorder, perceptual disturbance), vildfarelse, illusion (hallucination, illusion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | betovering (spell), begoocheling (illusion, spell). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | ensorĉo (spell). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | فریب (Abusive, Cheat, Deceit, Deception, Defraud, Fiction, Humbug, Intake, Jazz, Lurch, Lure, Mace, Seducement, Sophistry, Swindle, Temptation, Wile), پنداربیهوده , وهم (Fancy, Fiction, Mirage, Specter, Whim), اغفال (Allusion, Deception). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | lumeilmiö, lume, harhaluulo (error, illusion, mis-, wrong idea), harha-aistimus (hallucination), harha (bias, distortion, hallucination, non-sampling error, systematic error). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | délire (delirium), se tromper, manie, illusion, folie (mental derangement), arrogance. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | wahn (illusion, mania, possession), täuschung (beguilement, bluff, deceit, deception, deceptiveness, error, fraud, illusion, illusiveness, mistake, mystification, subterfuge, swindle). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πλάνη (errancy, error, fallacy, plane, planer, planing machine, smoothing plane), παραίσθηση (hallucination, illusion, paraesthesia, paresthesia), απάτη (beguilement, bilk, cheat, circumvention, con, deceit, deception, fake, fallacy, fraud, gammon, guile, gyp, hoax, humbug, humbuggery, imposition, imposture, jiggery pokery, scam, sham, spoof, swindle, swindling, toll fraud, trick, trickery), αυταπάτη (disillusion, hallucination, illusion, self-deception). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | תעתוע (deceit, deception, illusion), אשלי" (deception, fancy, illusion), אחיזת עי ים (bluff, deceit, eyewash, hanky panky, humbug, jugglery, legerdemain, trickery), "שלי" (deception, disappointment), "זי" (delirium, fancy, hallucination, stardust, superstition), טרוף ""עת (craziness, insanity, lunacy, madness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | tévedés (blue, bobble, deception, error, failure, fallacy, fault, flaw, inaccuracy, lapse, misapprehension, miscalculation, misprision, miss, mistake, oversight, wrong), megtévesztés (deceit, deception, demonstration, hoax, misrepresentation, mockery, mystification), káprázat (dazzle, fantasy, hallucination, illusion, mirage, phantasm, phantom), csalódás (balk, deception, disappointment, disillusionment, hang-up, letdown, setback, suck), érzékcsalódás (hallucination, illusion, optical illusion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | khayalan (illusion, imagination), angan-angan (dream, fantasy, notion, thought). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | illusione (illusion, phantasm), idea delirante (delusional idea), allucinazione (hallucination, illusion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 迷妄 (fallacy, illusion), 妄想 (wild idea). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | きょもう (falsehood, untruth), まどい (bewilderment, happy circle, illusion, infatuation, perplexity, small gathering), ぼうそう (running wildly, wild idea), りょうけ"ちがい (a misstep, false step, indiscretion, mistaken idea or notion, wrong idea), めいむ (fallacy, illusion), めいもう (fallacy, illusion), もうそう (wild idea). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | shaghrane (itinerant, tramp, vagabond, vagrant). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norwegian | vrangforestilling, illusjon (illusion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | elusionday desilusão (deception, disillusion), decepção (balk, deception, disillusion, flop, juggle), ilusão (chimaera, chimera, error detection, fallal, hallucination, idolater, illusion, lie, maybe, phantasm, semblance, unreality), erro (aberration, balk, Boner, bug, deviation, error, fault, indecorum, lie, Miss, mistake, slip, solecism, stumble, wrong), engano (bait, blunder, bunco, cheat, chouse, circumvention, cozenage, deceit, deception, error, fault, feint, fraud, gag, gammon, hoax, imposition, invention, inveracity, margarine, miscall, Miss, mistake, misunderstanding, overreach, sham, slip, take in, tripping), alucinação (hallucination, hallway). (various references) orbire (blinding, blindness, ignorance, infatuation, unconsciousness), inducere în eroare, iluzie (fume, mare's nest, phantom, self-deceit, shade, vapor, vapour), amãgire (cheating, illusion, pretence), amãgealã (deceit, deception, mystification, sham), înşelãtorie (cunning, deception, do, dodgery, double dealing, fob, fraud, fraudulence, fraudulency, guile, guilefulness, hanky panky, hocus pocus, humbug, imposition, imposture, racket, ramp, take in). (various references) заблуждение (aberrance, aberrancy, aberration, errancy, error, fallacy, misapprehension, misbelief, misconception, mistake, wrongheadedness). (various references) varka (illusion, pretence, pretense, sham, will-o'-the-wisp), obmana (bluff, bubble, chicanery, circumvention, cozenage, deceit, deception, fraud, hoax, jugglery). (various references) engaño (artfulness, bamboozle, betrayal, cozenage, deceit, deceitfulness, deceiving, deception, double cross, dupe, dupery, falsification, fraud, guile, hoax, imposture, lure, mistake, misunderstanding, overreach, phony, sham, swindle, token, trick, trickery). (various references) villfarelse (aberration, deception, error, fallacy, illusion), illusion (deception, fantasy, illusion, mare's nest, mare's-nest, mirage). (various references) ทำผิ"พลา"อย่างใหญ่หลวง (labour under a delusion, labour under mis apprehension, labour under misunderstanding). (various references) düş (dream, fantasy, fiction, pink elephant, reverie), yanılgı (error, mistake, paralogism), vesvese (anxiety, solicitude, specter, spectre), kuruntu (chimera, cobweb, fancy, fantasy, fears, hip, hypochondria, imagination, misgiving, phantasy, shyness, specter, spectre, the dismals, unfounded suspicion, vapor, vapour, vision), hayal (bubble, castles in spain, castles in the air, day dream, dream, fancy, fantasy, illusion, illusiveness, imagination, phantasy, pink elephant, pipe dream, reflection, reverie, shadow, simulacrum, specter, spectre, vision, waking dream). (various references) ілюзія (deception, illusion, mare's nest, phantasm, phantom, phasm), галюцинація (hallucination), обман (bam, bamboozle, beguilement, bilk, bluff, bunko, cheat, chouse, circumvention, cozenage, deceit, deception, do, double cross, foist, fraud, fraudulence, fraudulency, gammon, gouge, guile, hanky panky, hoax, imposture, juggle, jugglery, lie, overreach, phoney, phony, pretence, pretense, ruse, sell, sham, swindle, trickery, victimization, wile), манія (craze, mania), помилкова думка, помилка (aberration, balk, bloomer, bungle, error, failing, fallacy, fault, inaccuracy, lapsus, misdeed, mistake, sin, slip, solecism, stumble, trip). (various references) sự lừa gạt (cozenage, deceifulness, gouge, juggle, rig, take-in), sự lừa dối (beguilement, cozenage, deceifulness, deceit, deception, duplicity, falsehood, gammon, lie), sự lừa bịp (bamboozlement, gammon, have-on), sự bị lừa (cozenage), sự đánh lừa (bam, deceit, illusiveness, lurk, sell, sold, spoof). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | deliramentum, fraude, fraudem, fraudes. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | 2 Thessalonian Chapter 2, Verse 11 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai dia touto pemyei autoiV o qeoV energeian planhV eiV to pisteusai autouV tw yeudei |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Ideo mittit illis Deus operationem erroris ut credant mendacio |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | That alle be demed, whiche bileueden not to treuthe, but consentiden to wickidnesse. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And therfore god shall sende them stronge delusion that they shuld beleve lyes: |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And for this cause God will send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And for this cause, God will give them up to the power of deceit and they will put their faith in what is false: |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | 2 Thessalonian Chapter 2, Verse 11 |
| Chinese | 故 此 、 神 就 給 他 們 一 個 " 發 錯 誤 的 心 、 叫 他 們 信 從 虛 謊 ． |
| Hungarian | És azért bocsátja reájok Isten a tévelygés erejét, hogy higyjenek a hazugságnak; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "delusion": delusional, delusionary, delusions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Delusion" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Dalessio, decurion, defusion, deleuzian, dellusion, Delozier, Delsoin, Deluise, delusionary, delussion, delution, dillusion, dilusion, diluvion, Dubuisson, dullesian, Dunluskin. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "delusion" (pronounced duluw"zhun) |
| 6 | -u l uw" zh u n | allusion, collusion, disillusion. |
| 5 | -l uw" zh u n | conclusion, exclusion, illusion, inclusion, occlusion, preclusion, seclusion. |
| 4 | -uw" zh u n | confusion, contusion, diffusion, extrusion, fusion, infusion, intrusion, profusion, transfusion. |
| 3 | -zh u n | abrasion, aspersion, aversion, circumcision, cohesion, collision, conversion, corrosion, decision, derision, dispersion, diversion, division, envision, equation, erosion, evasion, excision, excursion, explosion, immersion, implosion, incision, incursion, indecision, invasion, inversion, lesion, misprision, occasion, persuasion, perversion, precision, provision, recision, rescission, reversion, revision, suasion, subdivision, submersion, subversion, supervision, television, version, vision. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: insouled, unsoiled. | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-i-l-n-o-s-u" | |
-1 letter: elusion, indoles, loudens, nodules, unoiled, unsolid. | |
-2 letters: donsie, eloins, ensoul, indole, indols, indues, insole, insoul, lesion, lodens, louden, louies, loused, lunies, nodule, noised, nudies, oldies, oleins, onside, siloed, soiled, souled, undies, undoes, unsold. | |
-3 letters: deils, delis, dines, diols, doles, douse, duels, dulse, dunes, eidos, eloin, enols, eosin, idles, idols, ileus, indol, indue, isled. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-i-l-n-o-s-u" | |
+1 letter: delousing, delusions, nucleoids, unspoiled. | |
+2 letters: andouilles, aneuploids, cloudiness, delusional, euglenoids, longitudes, nucleoside, soundalike, tendrilous, toluidines, ungodliest, unpolished. | |
+3 letters: delusionary, devolutions, incredulous, inosculated, leucocidins, nucleosides, nucleotides, shouldering, smouldering, soundalikes, sulfonamide, undisclosed, undissolved, ungodliness, unmelodious, unsoldering, unsoldierly, unsolicited. | |
+4 letters: aneuploidies, cloudinesses, deglutitions, devaluations, discountable, doublethinks, elucidations, glucuronides, indecorously, indigenously, indissoluble, malnourished, mendaciously, nucleocapsid, nucleotidase, overindulges, resoundingly, sulfonamides, undecillions, unillusioned, unsocialized. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)44 65 6C 75 73 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-.. . .-.. ..- ... .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000100 01100101 01101100 01110101 01110011 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)D e l u s i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0044 0065 006C 0075 0073 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)3871788785758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Fiction 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Translations: Ancient | 13. Bible Trace 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Orthography 18. Bibliography |
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