Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Breton |
BretonNoun1. A native or inhabitant of Brittany (especially one who speaks the Breton language). 2. A Celtic language of Brittany. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Breton" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Etymology: Breton \Bret"on\, adjective. [French expression breton.]. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
André Breton (February 18, 1896 - September 28, 1966) was a French poet and author whose writings include the Surrealist manifesto of 1924 in which he defined surrealism as pure psychic automatism.
Born at Tinchebray (Orne) in Normandy, he joined the Dadaist movement in 1916. In 1919 he and Philippe Soupault produced the first volume of automatic writing, Les Champs Magnetiques. He later joined the Surrealists and was editor of La révolution surréaliste from 1924. His works include a novel, ''Nadja'\' (1928).
Under the German occupation of France during World War II, his work was condemed by the Nazis. With the assistance of American journalist Varian Fry in Marseille, Masson escaped the Nazi regime on a ship to the French island of Martinique from where he went on to the United States. In 1946, he returned to France where he set up a studio in Paris.
André Breton died in 1966 and was interred in the Cimetière des Batignolles in Paris.
- His first wife was the former Simone Kahn;
- His second wife was the former Jacqueline Lamba;
- His third wife was the former Elisa Claro.
References
- What is Surrealism?: Selected Writings of André Breton (edited and with an Introduction by Franklin Rosemont).
- Manifestoes of Surrealism by André Breton, translated by Richard Seaver and Helen R. Lane.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Andr Breton."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Breton (Brezhoneg) (ISO 639 be, bre) is spoken by some of the inhabitants of Brittany in France.
Breton is not thought to be a modern-day descendant of any continental Celtic language such as Gaulish, though evidently it has borrowed some features from it, but it is rather descended from insular Brythonic. The other local language (Gallo) derives from Latin.
It is spoken by people whose ancestors fled southwest Britain at the time of the Saxon invasions of that country. As such, it has much in common with Cornish and to a slightly lesser extent Welsh, although there are vocabulary and spelling differences owing to the influence of French upon the language.
Although most Bretons no longer speak Breton, an effort has been underway for several years to begin teaching the language in schools to keep it alive.
External links
- http://www.ethnologue.com/show_iso639.asp?code=bre
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Breton language."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Brittany (French Bretagne, Breton Breizh) is a peninsula in north-west France, bordering the English Channel on the north and the Bay of Biscay on the south. It is an administrative region of France, comprising four départementss: Ille-et-Vilaine, Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère and Morbihan.The capital city of Brittany is Rennes.
The region was a part of Armorica, and conquered by the Romans. Around 500 AD, the area was settled by Britons, driven from the British Isles by the Anglo-Saxons. These Britons gave the name to the region. (The name Brittany means "Lesser Britain," by contrast with Great Britain). In the early Middle Ages, Brittany was divided into three kingdoms -- Domnonia, Cornouaille, and Bro Waroch -- which eventually were incorporated into the Duchy of Brittany. A Celtic language, Breton, is still spoken in some parts of Brittany.
Brittany is famous for its megalithic monuments, which are scattered over the peninsula, notably near Carnac. The purpose of these monuments is still unknown, and the local people refuse to entertain speculation on the subject.
A large part of the département Loire-Atlantique (including the city of Nantes) was historically part of Brittany, but is now part of the Pays de la Loire region.
A number of separatist groups exist, fighting for the independence of Brittany.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Brittany."
Crosswords: Breton |
| English words defined with "Breton": Angelica sylvestris ♦ Nova Scotia ♦ wild angelica. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "Breton": Cenotaphs ♦ Jacobins ♦ Korrigans ♦ Leopards. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Breton" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Dutch (Breton), French (Breton), Hungarian (Breton), Romanian (bang, breton), Swedish (breton). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Cape Breton Island (1946) They Didn't Starve Us Out: Industrial Cape Breton in the 1920s (1991) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | A horse-drawn sleigh pulls as men guide the Silver Dart, one of the Aerial Experiment Association's early airplanes, over the frozen Bras d'Or Lake on Cape Breton Island. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Embarkation of New England troops under Governor Pepperell during the expedition against Louisburg, Cape Breton and Nova Scotia. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Oeuvre du fusilier marin et du soldat Breton. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Oeuvre du fusilier marin et du soldat Breton. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Cape Breton View" by J Eden Commentary: "View of ocean and rocks in Cape Breton, Canada on a cold, windy day in the spring ." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Nicholas Breton | I wish my deadly foe, no worse than want of fiends, and empty purse. |
| Thus much for thy assurance know; a hollow friend is but a hellish foe. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Bahrain | The Bahraini government holds a 77 percent stake in ALBA, the public investment fund of Saudi Arabia owns 20 percent and Germany's Breton Investments holds 3 percent. (references) |
Human Rights | France | Police arrested eight Breton militants for their alleged involvement in the April 2000 bombing of a restaurant near Dinan that killed a female employee. (references) |
Trade | Canada | With the exception of one special trade zone at the Sydport Industrial Park in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada has no free ports or free trade zones. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Breton" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 56.41% of the time. "Breton" is used about 78 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 56.41% | 44 | 51,500 |
| Noun (proper) | 39.74% | 31 | 62,296 |
| Noun (singular) | 3.85% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 78 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "Breton" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Breton | Last name | 2,000 | 5,885 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "Breton". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Bret | Male | English | Someone from Breton |
| Brett | Male | English | Someone from Breton |
| Britton | Male | English | Someone from Breton |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expression using "Breton": Emilie Charlotte le Breton. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Breton": breton-smocked. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "Breton"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Breton | breizhat. (various references) | |
Chinese | 不列塔尼人. (various references) | |
Danish | Breton's teori (Breton theory), mergel (bog line, Breton ameliorant, lithothamnion, loam, marl), kalkalge-slægt (Breton ameliorant, lithothamnion). (various references) | |
Dutch | Breton. (various references) | |
Esperanto | bretono. (various references) | |
French | Breton. (various references) | |
German | bretone. (various references) | |
Greek | βρετονικός, Βρετόνος. (various references) | |
Hungarian | breton. (various references) | |
Italian | bretone. (various references) | |
Korean | 브리타니 사람. (various references) | |
Manx | Britaanish, Britaanagh, Bretonagh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | etonbray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | bretão (briton). (various references) | |
Romanian | breton (bang). (various references) | |
Scottish | plam (anything curdled: cf. Breton plommein). (various references) | |
Spanish | teoría de Bretón (Breton theory), arena calcarea (Breton ameliorant, lithothamnion), algas calcáreas (Breton ameliorant, lithothamnion). (various references) | |
Swedish | breton. (various references) | |
Welsh | Llydaweg. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | Lithothamnion spp.. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Misspellings | |
"Breton" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Barentin, Barnetson, Bepton, Berkton, Bernon, Berson, Bertol, Bertonor, Bertop, Beyton, Boeton, Bratan, Bratin, Bredun, Brehon, Brehony, Brenon, Bretagna, Bretia, Bretigny, brettan, Brigoon, Briston, Britonum, Bronton, Broto, Brutton, Burattoni, Burneston, Uberto. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "Breton" (pronounced 'Bret"on'): Agon, baron, Baton, Bion, Briton, Cambro-Briton, Caxon, Cion, Cyon, DRAGON, Flagon, Heron, imprison, Leon, melon, meson, Misreckon, Odeon, Orion, Outreckon, Overreckon, Padelion, pademelon, paeon, Pantheon, Pheon, Pinon, Portcrayon, Raton, rayon, Reimprison, salmon, scion, Semi-Saxon, talon, Underreckon, Unprison, Ventrimeson, Weapon, xenon, Zion. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "b-e-n-o-r-t" | |
-1 letter: beton, boner, borne, brent, noter, tenor, toner, trone. | |
-2 letters: bent, bone, bore, born, bort, bren, ebon, note, rent, robe, rote, tern, tone, tore, torn. | |
-3 letters: ben, bet, bot, bro, eon, ern, neb, net, nob, nor, not, obe, one, orb, ore, ort, reb, ret, rob, roe, rot, ten, toe, ton, tor. | |
-4 letters: be, bo, en. | |
| Words containing the letters "b-e-n-o-r-t" | |
+1 letter: baronet, bethorn, bornite, reboant, sorbent. | |
+2 letters: baritone, baronets, barytone, bestrown, betatron, bethorns, bevatron, bornites, brownest, burgonet, burstone, buttoner, obtainer, rebutton, reobtain, sorbents, taborine, trombone, trueborn, verboten. | |
+3 letters: abhorrent, abnegator, absorbent, adsorbent, barbitone, baritones, baronetcy, barytones, betatrons, bethorned, bevatrons, bothering, brimstone, brominate, bronziest, browniest, buhrstone, burgonets, burrstone, burstones, buttoners, carbonate, curbstone, earthborn, observant, obtainers, obverting, outburned, outnumber, overburnt, rebooting, rebuttons, reobtains, taborines, tenebrous, tinderbox, trombones, warbonnet. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Names: Frequency 12. Names: Derived from | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
